ABSTRACT
This project centers on the creation of cadastral information system for part of Kosobo phase iii, part 1, in Oyo east local government area of Oyo state. This study describes the design and implementation of a cadastral database with a spatial modeling approach .the objectives are to propose a design of a spatial database that fulfils the requirement for spatial queries for cadastral data. Implementing this design in the study area, and enforce the development of multipurpose-motivated cadastral data. In order to meet the study objectives, the required characteristic of a cadastral database were taken into consideration while performing the design. The phases followed during database design process include the conceptual design, the logical design, the data acquisition, physical design, analysis and the implementation of the database system. Attribute data was obtained through questionnaire and oral interview .the graphic drafting was done in AutoCAD land development while Arc view was used for data analysis, queries and presentation. Queries were performed and generated to demonstrate the capabilities of the software used and the database created.
TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER PAGE i
TITLE ii
CERTIFICATE iii
CERTIFICATION iv
DEDICATION v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vi
ABSTRACT vii
TABLE OF CONTENT viii – ix
LIST OF FIGURES x
LIST OF TABLES xii
CHAPTER ONE 1
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY 1
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM 2
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES 2
1.3.1 AIM OF THE PROJECT……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2
1.3.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT………………………………………………………………………………………… 2
1.4 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT 3
1.5 PERSONNEL 3
1.6 STUDY AREA 3
1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 4
CHAPTER TWO 5
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 5
CHAPTER THREE 9
3.0 METHODOLOGY 9
3.1 DATABASE DESIGN 9
3.1.1 VIEW OF REALITY 10
3.1.2 CONCEPTUAL DESIGN 11
3.1.2.1 VECTOR DATA MODELING 11
3.1.3 LOGICAL DESIGN 14
3.2 DATA SOURCE 16
3.2.1 PRIMARY SOURCE……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 16
3.2.2 SECONDARY SOURCE……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 16
3.3 DATA ACQUISITION 16
3.3.1 RECONNAISSANCE………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 16
3.3.1.1 OFFICE RECONNAISSANCE………………………………………………………………………………………. 17
3.3.2.1 FIELD RECONNAISSANCE………………………………………………………………………………………….. 17
3.3.2 SURVEY EQUIPMENT USED AND SYSTEM SELECTION/SOFTWARE…………………………… 17
3.3.3 INSTRUMENT CHECK 18
3.3.4 CONTROL CHECK 19
3.3.5 GEOMETRIC DATA ACQUISITION 19
3.3.6 ATTRIBUTE DATA ACQUISITION 20
3.4 DATA PROCESSING 20
LINEAR ACCURACY……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 20
3.5 PHYSICAL DESIGN 21
3.6 DATABASE IMPLEMENTATION 22
3.7 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DBMS) 22
3.7.1 DATA SECURITY……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 22
3.7.2 DATA INTEGRITY………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 22
3.7.3 DATABASE MAINTENANCE…………………………………………………………………………………………….. 23
CHAPTER FOUR 24
4.0 SPATIAL ANALYSIS AND PRODUCT GENERATION 24
4.1 SPATIAL SEARCH 24
4.2 PRODUCT GENERATION 24
4.3 DISCUSSION OF RESULT 25
4.4 APPLICATION OF PRODUCTS 25
4.4 GRAPHIC PRESENTATION 26
CHAPTER FIVE 27
5.0 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 27
5.1 SUMMARY 27
5.2 PROBLEM ENCOUNTERED 27
5.3 CONCLUSION 27
5.4 RECOMMENDATION 28
REFERENCES…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 29
APPENDICE
LIST OF FIGURES
Fig 3.1 design and construction phases of spatial database…………….
Fig 3.2 entity relationship diagram of parcel based information system…
Fig 3.3 geometric representation of parcel……………………………….
Fig 3.4 node entity and it attributes………………………………………
Fig 3.5 arc entity and it attributes……………………………………….
Fig 3.6 owner and it attributes…………………………………………..
Fig 3.7 control check……………………………………………………
Fig 3.8 reconnaissance diagram………………………………………..
Fig 4.0 composite map of the study area……………………………… Fig 4.1 map showing parcels use for commercial…………………………. Fig 4.2 map showing parcels with C of O ………………………………. Fig 4.3 Map showing parcel owned by civil servant and use for residential………………
Fig 4.4 map showing parcels value greater than 400,000…………….
LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1 node entity and it attributes…………………………
Table 3.2 arc entity and it attributes………………………….
Table 3.3 object entity and it attributes………………………
Table 3.4 parcel table………………………………………..
Table 3.5 instrument test…………………………………….
Table 3.6 control check (analysis)……………………………..
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
For decades, traditional cadastral system have tended to enjoy a reputation for reliability, well defined processes and a well recognized guarantee of security to private land ownership. Tremendous technological progress, social changes, globalization and increasing intercommunication of business relation with their legal and environmental consequences however it has put a strain on the traditional systems. They cannot adapt to all new developments. An obvious indication of this is many reforms that cadastral systems are going through.
One of these reforms is the application of GIS in cadastral management which is the automation of the old cadastral system by employing modern information observational techniques to ensure fast and efficient services. In consequence cadastral information system in being used to improve services of the cadastral systems. While automation of cadastral system is widely seen as an appropriate tool to improve the performance of the system. Automation however of the traditional perfectible system without re-engineer the procedure aspects may result in performance failure example of this is changes in data processing and presentation.
Until recently, the method of producing cadastral information has been manual opto–mechanical using analogue equipment and generating analogue map database. The analogue procedures and product generation is associated with many problem. These include:
i The equipment are cumbersome and bulky to be carried about.
ii The methods of surveying are labourious and slow.
iii When large area are to be mapped, it easily break down especially during raining season.
iv It is expensive in terms of production and management
The output which is in analogue paper map as database also has the following limitations.
i There is loss of information over time as the map could shrink
ii Once data had been put into map, it is neither easy nor cheap to retrieve or combine them with other spatial data.
iii the printed map is a static qualitative document.
Recent advances in cadastral information system has led to guarantee of title, legal security, fast services for users, complete coverage, comprehensive liable secure system in computerized and automated, Digital data system serves other purposes (i.e. as basis for LIS) integration of different system land registration and cadastral mapping.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The mapping of Kosobo layout has been existing on the analogue format. The obvious disadvantages of this form of record keeping the many production as well as updating of such records is expensive and time consuming. Also there is little or no flexibility in handling the information on such medium also associated with it is the duplication of data, weak definition of parcel system not efficient enough, and low degree of coverage, high rigid structure and low level of integration with other purposes. Hence there is need to design and create cadastral information system for Kosobo Phase III, Part I located at Oyo East Local Government area of Oyo State.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES
1.3.1 AIM OF THE PROJECT
The aim of this project is to use geographic information system to design, create and construct cadastral information system for Kosobo Phase III part 1, Oyo East Local Government Area.
1.3.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
The above aim was achieved through the following under listed objectives.
- Capturing of spatial data (locational data) of the parcels in the study area.
- Acquisition the attribute data
- Linking the graphical database with attribute database.
- Demonstrate of the usefulness of the database in information retrieval and updating.
- To demonstrate the usefulness of the database in performing spatial search, spatial analysis and queries operations.
- Information presentation in graphical and alphanumeric forms both in hardcopy and softcopy.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
The project entails the under listed operations to be carried out.
- Data capturing using digital land surveying equipment
- Database design and creation
- Information display and presentation
- Literature review
- Database acquisition.
1.5 PERSONNEL
The students listed below were the members of this group who participated in the execution of the project.
- KAREEM, ONIMISI YAHAYA 2006/2389 AUTHOR
- EDET, EKPO MEMBER
- AJAYI, B. TAJUDEEN MEMBER
- ADEBIYI, A BIOLA MEMBER
1.6 STUDY AREA
The study area for the project in situated in Kosobo area of Oyo East Local Government area of Oyo State. The geographic location of the study area lies between latitude 070º 49′ 50″N and latitude 07050’00″N and between longitude 03º 56′ 04″ and longitude 03º 56’27”.
1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The importance of carrying out this project can be enumerated as follows:
- Improved urban planning and infrastructure development.
- Certainty of ownership support for environment management.
- Reduction in land dispute.
- Support for land property taxation
- Production of statistical data
- Centralized management.
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