ABSTRACT
Undoubtedly, “The future is mobile”. Nowadays, digital evolution and mobile developments are carving a new era that affects human behavior and global governance. Interconnectivity and information flow through various types of modern means create new opportunities for cooperation and ways to work. Waste management could not stay unaffected by these changes. New potentials are arising for the sector, offering a novel field for innovation, changing the way waste practices are applied.
Aim of this paper is to design an application to deliver sustainable waste management emphasizing on recycling and waste prevention performance. Furthermore, it presents the opportunities that are involved in using mobile apps in order to improve both the systemic performance of a specific waste management system and the individual behavior of the users.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE i
CERTIFICATION ii
DEDICATION iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
ABSTRACT v
TABLE OF CONTENTS vi
LIST OF TABLES vii
LIST OF FIGURES viii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1.4 METHODOLOGY
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
1.6 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 INTRODUCTION
2.1 NEED OF A WASTE MANAGEMENT
2.3 EXISTING WASTE MANAGEMENT SOFTWARES
2.4 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF A DOMESTIC WASTE CIRCULATION
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.0 INTRODUCTION
3.1 ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM
3.2 OVERVIEW OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM
3.3 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION
3.4 SYSTEM FLOWCHART
3.5 DATABASE STRUCTURE
3.5.1 OUTPUT STRUCTURE
3.5.2 INPUT STRUCTURE
CHAPTER FOUR: SYSTEM TESTING AND IMPLEMENTATION
4.0 INTRODUCTION
4.1 CHOICE OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE AND DATABASE
4.2 SYSTEM REQUIREMENT
4.2.1 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT
4.2.2 HARD WARE REQUIREMENT
4.3 RESULT INTERFACE
4.4 SYSTEM TESTING AND IMPLEMENTATION
4.4.1 SYSTEM TESTING
4.4.2 SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION
4.5 DESCRIPTION OF FINDINGS
4.6 SYSTEM DOCUMENTATION AND MAINTENANCE
4.6.1 LOADING THE SOFTWARE
4.6.2 RUNNING THE APPLICATION
4.6.3 THE PLATFORM
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
5.1 SUMMARY
5.2 CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1: Residence
Table 3.2: Bills
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1: Framework of Domestic Waste
Figure 3.1: The above figure illustrates the flowchart for splash screen.
Figure 3.2: The above figure illustrates the registration of each residence
Figure 3.3: The above figure illustrates the flowchart for billing
Figure 3.4: The above figure illustrates the input structure for residence registration.
Figure 3.5: The above figure illustrates the input structure for residence registration.
Figure 4.1: Residence Registration
Figure 4.2: Waste Billing
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
Historically, mobile technology really began to take off worldwide in the mid-1990s, when the ratio of mobile to fixed line phones went up from about 1:34 (1991), to about 1:8 (1995). By 2000, there was one mobile phone to less than two mainlines, and by 2003 mobile phone subscriptions had overtaken mainline subscriptions for the first time. Thus, within the span of about 10 years mobile technology has moved from being the technology for a privileged few, to essentially a mainstream technology. The growth of mobile technology is conspicuous in developing countries where mobile phones serve as a substitute for fixed lines.
Nowadays, mobile communication technologies are diffusing around the planet faster than any other communication technology to date. According to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) a dramatic increase in the use of mobile technology and a significant growth in mobile broadband subscriptions have been recorded around the globe in 2011.
Latest achievement of mobile technology has been the realization of new generation mobile phones, or “smart phones”, and of 3G and 4G networks with new built-in functions and a plethora of mobile applications. This was actually the result of the spread of mobile internet and the rapidly declining prices of mobile devices and products that have becoming through the years an affordable tool to fill in the digital gap between developed and developing countries.
Smartphones which nowadays enumerate 1.08 billion devices worldwide, will reach according to research 2 billion by 2015, clearly establishing them as the most pervasive computing and internet access device today and in the future. Tablets as well, have started gaining ground especially after the release in the market of the new lower-priced tablets in late 2011. According to IDC (March 2012) 68.7 million media tablets sold in 2011 and their number is predicted to rise to 106.1 million units by the end of 2012 and to 198.2 million units in 2016.
Undoubtedly, this high growth recorded in the number of smart phones and tablets will have a major impact on the number of mobile-broadband subscriptions and Internet users and will reinforce the shift from mobile voice to mobile data traffic. As a result, significant upgrades of networks, higher speeds and more spectrum will be required.
In the above framework, development of mobile applications has brought unimaginable opportunities to mobile users, who have engaged apps in their daily activities. Most popular app categories are games, news, maps, social networking and music. Their number has grown significantly during the last 3 years rising from around 300,000 in 2010 to 850,000 in 2011 and over 1,200,000 in 2012. Approximately 84 billion downloads of mobile apps were recorded in 2012 and their number is expected to reach nearly 182.7 billion in 2015 (IDC, 2012). In addition, an average number of 32 apps were installed on each smart phone device in 2011 and 41 in 2012. One thing is certain about the future of mobile apps: mobile apps business shows no sign of slowing down anytime soon.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
Waste management agencies presently lacks a modularized system of managing and keeping track of waste records. Without a proper waste system that can be used in managing, processing and scheduling of waste dumping activities, the citizens often engage in activities of open dumping and uncontrolled burning practices. As a result, stagnant wastes and water pollution become both an environmental and health concern.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The aim of this project is to design a mobile waste application
The objectives of this project is to create
- A modular and adaptable application
- An information system that keep tracks of waste records of different localities
Another objective of this research work is to create an application that if properly used and maintained, will minimize environmental and health impact of waste.
1.4 METHODOLOGY
The methodologies adopted in solving the problems in this research work are Microsoft Visual C#- Winforms programming language as the front-end design tool and Microsoft Office Access as the database.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Its significance is seen in its ability to serve as a helping tool for waste agencies in managing and processing their records at a very fast rate, unlike the manual method of using paperworks to keep waste records.
1.6 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The scope of the project is constrained to applications of appropriate and sustainable modules such as vicinity registration, waste pick-up schedule, bill generation and lastly, report generation. This research work is not waste disposal application in the broader sense; it is just a part of it.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
WASTE:
MOBILE:
SYSTEM:
DISPOSAL
SCHEDULE:
PICKUP:
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