Design and Implementation of a Computerized Land Information System

ABSTRACT

Land is a free gift of nature and a factor of production, land tenure is the name given, particularly in common law system to the legal regime in which land is owned by an individual, due to the fact that keeping records of lands and their owners has been a great task to government and the government access to land Information proves difficult that most times people are defrauded due to lack of Land Information illegal sales of land without the consent of the owner are very common e.t.c. This work “Computerized Land Information system” is designed to help keep record of land which includes: the size of the land, location of the land, the type of houses to be built on such lands, the owners of purchases lands and so on.

Therefore, this software is developed to keep record of land Information system. As such making it easy to keep details Information on lands size, Location, ownership and type of house to be built on the land and also easy accessibility of stored records. Hence, the records in this software will be stored in database using MySQL server as DBMS other tools and methodology also used are PHP, XHTML, CSS and Apache which comes with MySQL.

CHAPTER ONE

 1.0  INTRODUCTION

Land use, land valuation is among the oldest questions in economic theory, (Shave 11. 2004). Land is an essential input (Factors of production) for agriculture, and agriculture is by far the most important economic activity in preindustrial societies. With the advent of Industrialization, important new uses for land emerge as sites for factories, warehouses, offices and urban agglomerations. Also the value of real property taking the form of man-made structures and machinery increases relative to the value of land alone. The concept of real property eventually comes to encompass effectively all forms of tangible fixed capital.

1.1  BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

With the rise of extractive Industries, real property comes to encompass natural capital. With the rise of tourism and leisure, real property comes to include scientific and other amenity values starting in the 1960’s as part of the emerging field of law and economics, economist and legal scholars began to study the property rights enjoyed by tenants under the various estates and the economic  benefits and cost of the various estates ( Epstein 2007). This resulted in a much improved agriculture and agriculture is by far the most important economic activity in pre industrial societies.

With the advent of Industrialization, important new uses for land emerge as sites for factories, warehouses, offices and urban agglomerations especially in Imo state. Also the value of real property taking the form of man-made structures and machinery increases relative to the value of land alone. The concept of real property eventually comes to encompass effective capital forms of tangible fixed capital. With the rise of extractive industries, real property comes to encompass natural capital. With the rise of tourism and leisure, real property comes to include scenic and other amenity values.

Starting in the 1960’s as part of the emerging field of law and economics, economist and legal scholars began to study the property right enjoyed by tenants under the various estates, (Epstein, 2007). This resulted in a much improved understanding of the property rights enjoyed by tenants under the various estates.

These include the right to:

1. Decide how a piece of real property is used.
2. Exclude others from enjoying the property.
3. Transfer (alienate) some or all of these rights to others on mutually agreeable terms.
4. Nature and consequences of transaction cost when changing and transferring estates.

1.2  STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

1. Keeping record of lands and their owners has been a great task to government and the governed.
2. Access to land Information proves difficult that most times people are defrauded due to lack of land Information.
3. Illegal sales of lands without the consent of the owner are very common.
4. Certificate of occupancy is usually a problem. Litigation which results to death and destruction.
5. Valuation of land for the purpose of paying tax to government is not achieved. Hence, the need for computerization of land Information system.

1.3  OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The objective of this study is to develop a software that will keep       Information:

1. Land size, land location, Land owners, Land use Information.
2. To assist the prospective buyers to ascertain the ownership and availability of the property.
3. To enhance preparation of lease.
4. To forestall land speculation, with its attended violence, destruction of lives and property.
5. To promote land Information security.
6. To assist the prospective buyers to ascertain the ownership and availability of the property.
7. To enhance preparation of lease.
8. To forestall land speculation, with its attendants violence, destruction of lives and property.
9. To promote Land Information Security.

1.4  SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This research work is limited to land Information storage and retrieval using ministry of land and housing Imo as a case study. The software developed will be carried out using PHP to manage the data base.

1.5  SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY

The project work will help in a good number of ways to make land Information available to users. The software developed can:

1. Keep a data base of all the lands in the state.
2. Enable retrieval of land in the state.
3. Guide buyers on how to buy and who to meet.
4. Educate buyers on the type of house to build in an area for proper town planning.

1.6  DEFINATION OF TERMS

Databases: A systematically arranged collection of computer data, structured so that it can be automatically retrieved or manipulated. It is also called data bank.

Fee Tail: Under common law, this is hereditary, non-transferable ownership of real property.

Feudal Land Ownership: A system of mutual obligation under which a royal or noble personage granted a fiefdom.

Leasehold: Under both common law and civil law, land may be leased or rented by its owner to another party, a wide range of arrangement are possible, ranging from very short terms to the 99 years leases, allowing various degrees of freedom in the use of the property.

Life Estate: Under common law, this is an interest in real property that ends at death.

Property:- is any physical or Intangible entity that is owned by a person or jointly by a group of persons.

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