Number of Pages: 36

File Size: 2480 KB

File Type: MS Word & PDF

Chapters: 1 - 5

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ABSTRACT

This work present the design, construction and testing of a simple burglar alarmactivated  by light, break beam and pressure sensor. The principle of operation of this burglar alarm is simple. When the ray of light  falls on the light sensor the alarm is triggered and the siren begins to operate, the speaker beeps and the flasher

(light) flashes.

When an intruder walks  through the  break beam sensor the alarm is triggered and the siren begins to operate, the  speaker beeps and the flash light flashes. Likewise the pressure foot sensor has the same mode of operation. Whenever pressure is exerted on  the foot sensor the alarm is triggered and the siren begins to operate. The speaker beeps and the flasher (light) flashes. These actions thus alert the owner of the residence and/or security personnel of the presence of an intruder.

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 Internal crcuitry of  a 555 timer configured in  monostable mode.

Figure 2 One Shot Monostable

Figure 3 Non inverting comparator source.

Figure 4 Transformer.

Figure 5 Transformer wiring .

Figure 6 Voltage Regulator IC.

Figure 6.1 Full-wave rectifier with a capacitor filter.

Figure 7 Circuit   diagram of  power  supply .

Figure 8 Diode symbol

Figure 8.1 Characteristics of Diode.

Figure 9.0 size of resistor

Figure 9.1 Resistor color code

Figure 9.2 Resistor color code

Figure 9.3 Resistor connection

Figure 9.4 resistor behaviour

Figure 10 Power  supply circuit.

Figure 11 The ripple gradient of the power supply.

Figure 12 Break- beam sensor.

Figure 13 Comparator design circuit.

Figure 14 14IC555 timer configure in monostable mode.

Figure 15 Block diagram .

Figure 16 Testing project .

Figure 17 Construction of hardware.

Figure 18 casing.

 

LIST OF TABLE

Resistor  Color  Code  ……………………………………………………………….1

Analysis of bills quantity …………………………………………………………….2

LIST OF ABBREVIATION

LED……………………………………………………………………..Light Emitting diode

 

IC………………………………………………………………………… Integrated Circuit

 

DC ………………………………………………………………………….. Direct Current

CHAPTER ONE

1.0     INTRODUCTION

1.1   PREAMBLE

The project presents the design, construction and testing of a simple activated burglar alarm. The principle of operation of this burglar alarm is simple. When there is  reflection of light, pressure on the foot sensor or  break  beam  through the door, the alarm is triggered and the siren begins to operate. The speaker beeps and the flasher (light) flashes. These actions thus alert the owner of the residence and/or security personnel of the presence of an intruder.

1.2     PROJECT MOTIVATION

What really inspired me is the expansion of standard of living which has driven the high level of crimes, particularly home raid and business premises robberies which happens daily.

Definitely fencing, burglar bars on doors and windows are now distant from the necessity of home security, other than that these systems should be switched with well modernized and burglar alarm system.

1.3   AIM

The aim  of  this project is to design and construct  a workable, reliable and effective   burglar alarm system that is activated by light, break beam or  pressure sensor.

1.4 OBJECTIVES

The following are the objectives of this project.

  • To design a system that will detect an intruder breaking a beam into a confined place
  • To design a system that will alert the user when a ray of light falls on the confined place
  • To design a system that will detect an intruder when stepping on a foot sensor.

1.5   SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

The scope of  this project include the design and construction of  a light sensor, design and construction of break beam sensor as well as design and construction of pressure sensor. It  also includes the integration of all these sensors  to produce an alarm sound for alert purpose and flasher for indicator purpose.

1.6     LITERATURE REVIEW

This chapter will emphasize on the research carried; intricate on ways in which this will assist the design at end. Investigations of past home burglar alarm security system devices and well modernized systems on the market to be attained. Every home owner and tenant are at risk of losing their hard earned possessions to burglars. This has prompted them into looking for more effective systems which provide higher security to their homes. In that way it will bar burglars from their premises, they will not gain access to their property easily without alarm and flasher alert    immediately. In most domestic alarm systems the intruder detection facility is needed only when the building is unoccupied. From the alarm company’s point of view, multiple switching or zoning is justified on the grounds of ease of maintenance and locating and isolating faults should they occur. For some alarm companies to supply rather more comprehensive control panels than are strictly necessary, it is unknown and perhaps just to increase the sale value of the installation and probably to impress the customer.

According to research, the common parameters or characteristics of home security system are

 24 hours monitoring of the intruder

 Ease of use

 Reliability

 Efficient

 

Fast and precise notification system. Today a number of home security systems are available everywhere.

A project on “design and Implementation of Security Systems for Smart Home based on GSM technology” [1], was implemented,  they made use of  web camera. Whenever there is a motion in front of the camera, it gives security alert in terms of sound and a mail is delivered to the owner. The second method sends SMS which uses GSM-GPS Module (sim548c) and Atmega644p microcontroller, sensors, relays and buzzers.

Also a project on “sound Activated Burglar Alarm System”[2] was implemented.The principle of operation is based on intensity of sound, when the intensity of sound exceeds certain level the alarm is triggered and the siren begins to operate.

A project on  “ low cost Short Message System (SMS) based home security system equipped with motion sensor, smoke detector, temperature sensor, humidity sensor and light sensors ’’ has been studied by Mae , Y,; SaaS , N .; Inonu ,K. and  Await.

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